Murena
Verified“EU through and through — French-run, EU-hosted, no US strings.”
- Users
- ~100k
- Funding
- €753,597
- Team
- ~10-19
- Hosting
- Hetzner (EU)
88 = midpoint of Control 87 & Data 89
Sovereignty Quadrant
Control ↑ who owns & governs the company · Data → where your data lives. Every dot is a company — click to open it.
Every number below traces to 14 sourced facts across 9 independent sources, last verified 2026-06-12. 3 open questions hold confidence at 85% — they lower confidence, never the score.
Control ↑
Who legally and economically controls the company
Legal & Jurisdiction
92
Operating company and retail arm are both French SAS entities, fully within EU/French jurisdiction and reachable by EU law; no foreign parent.
Why 92? 4 sourced facts · click to expand
The main operating entity, Murena SAS, was formerly named ECORP S.A.S. and is a French société par actions simplifiée registered in Caen.
Societe.com (ECORP S.A.S. / MURENA) · as of 2026-06-12
Murena Retail SAS, the e-commerce entity behind murena.com, is registered at 31 Avenue de Ségur, 75007 Paris with SIRET 883 789 398 00012 and VAT FR82883789398.
Murena.com legal notice · as of 2026-06-12
The data controller named in Murena's privacy policy is MURENA RETAIL SAS at the Paris address, placing the controller squarely under GDPR and French jurisdiction.
Murena privacy policy · as of 2026-06-12
The open-source core is held by e Foundation, a French non-profit association (loi 1901), as a guarantee the project cannot be bought.
e Foundation - About · as of 2026-06-12
Control & Ownership
82
Founder-led French company; 2024 equity raise was EU/UK retail crowdfunding that did not transfer voting control to a foreign parent, though the precise cap table and share classes are not public.
Why 82? 3 sourced facts · click to expand
Gaël Duval (a French entrepreneur, creator of Mandrake Linux) is founder, president and CEO of Murena SAS and president of e Foundation's board.
Societe.com (MURENA leadership) · as of 2026-06-12
Murena raised €753,597 from 511 investors on Crowdcube in June 2024, smashing a €400,000 target in under 24 hours; the offer was open to UK and European citizens.
Crowdcube - MURENA · as of 2024-06
The equity campaign was approved as a crowdfunding offer by Crowdcube Europe S.L. (an EU-regulated platform), and Murena Retail is controlled by ECORP/Murena SAS rather than a foreign parent.
Technology Reseller (Murena crowdfunding) · as of 2024
Data →
Where your data lives and who can reach it
Data & Infrastructure
90
User data sits on Hetzner — a German, EU-owned provider — in Helsinki with German backups, not a US hyperscaler, so there is no CLOUD Act exposure; minor markdown only because of vendor concentration.
Why 90? 4 sourced facts · click to expand
Murena Workspace user data is stored in a replicated cluster at Hetzner's Helsinki data center (HEL1), Finland, with daily backups synchronized to Falkenstein, Germany (FSN1).
e/OS documentation - Services · as of 2026-06-12
Murena's legal notice names Hetzner Online GmbH (a German company) as its hosting provider.
Murena.com legal notice · as of 2026-06-12
All Murena servers are hosted in the EU and the stack is built on open-source software (Nextcloud, ONLYOFFICE, Postfix); files use server-side encryption.
Murena Workspace page · as of 2026-06-12
Decryption of stored data is only authorized for disaster recovery or to answer a binding request from legal authorities in the European Union.
e/OS documentation - Services · as of 2026-06-12
Operations & People
88
HQ, leadership and the small team are French; reporting is in euros. Fully EU-centered, with only its small scale as a footnote.
Why 88? 3 sourced facts · click to expand
Murena SAS is headquartered at 5 Rue Charles Léandre, 14000 Caen, France, with employees in the 10-19 band.
Societe.com (MURENA) · as of 2026-06-12
Founder Gaël Duval reports the combined Murena/e/OS base is close to 100,000 regular users and that the business reached break-even in 2025.
Gaël Duval blog - 2026 roadmap · as of 2026-05
Mid-2024 figures cited ~45,000 active /e/OS users and ~128,000 Murena Workspace accounts, indicating a small but growing EU consumer base.
Technology Reseller (Murena Workspace launch) · as of 2024-07
Aligned to the EU Commission’s official Cloud Sovereignty Framework (SEAL, Jun 2026) →
What we don’t know
3 open questions — they lower confidence, never the score
- ?
What is the exact post-2024 cap table — share classes, voting rights, and whether Crowdcube investors hold voting or non-voting shares?
Affects the precision of the ownership score; control appears French but the detailed split is not public.
- ?
What is Murena's annual revenue and the breakdown between hardware, Workspace subscriptions, and B2B?
Limits assessment of financial durability beyond the stated 2025 break-even.
- ?
Does Murena run any compute on infrastructure outside Hetzner (e.g. CDN, analytics, payments) that could introduce non-EU exposure?
Could marginally lower the infra score if a non-EU sub-processor handles any user data.
EU Cloud Sovereignty Framework lens
The EU Cloud Sovereignty Framework formally targets cloud service providers, so this is an analogous sovereignty mapping for a consumer mobile/cloud company — not a SEAL certification.
Strategic
Independent French company explicitly built around EU digital sovereignty and de-Googling; no foreign strategic owner.
Legal & jurisdictional
All entities are French SAS firms under GDPR; data controller and host both EU; decryption only for EU legal requests.
Data & AI
User data stored and processed only in the EU (Finland + Germany) with server-side encryption; no ad/data-monetization model.
Operational
HQ, leadership and team in France; euro reporting; small but EU-centered operation.
Supply chain
Core vendors (Hetzner, Nextcloud, ONLYOFFICE) are EU/open-source, but device hardware relies on third-party makers (e.g. Fairphone, refurbished Pixels) with non-EU components.
Technological
Open-source stack (/e/OS, Nextcloud, ONLYOFFICE, Postfix); the de-Googled OS reduces dependence on Google services.
Security & compliance
GDPR-compliant with encryption and EU-only access claims, but no published independent audit or formal security certification found.
Environmental sustainability
Servers stated to run on renewable energy and refurbished-device focus; no published, audited environmental metrics.
EU alternatives
Murena is itself a strong EU-sovereign option for de-Googled mobile + cloud; the main trade-off is small scale, not sovereignty.
German end-to-end encrypted mail/calendar; strong EU alternative for the email/cloud part of the workspace.
Privacy-focused mail/drive/calendar, but Swiss (EEA-adjacent, not EU member) so outside EU jurisdiction proper.
How the method works
Methodology v2 (provisional): the score is the midpoint of two axes — Control (who owns and governs the company) and Data (where your data lives and who can reach it). Each axis is scored only on verified evidence; unknowns reduce confidence, never the score. Every input below is sourced; the weights and judgments are open to challenge.
Spotted an error? Every claim is sourced — challenge it and we correct the record.
- 2026-06-12 — Initial golden profile, authored from primary sources (human + AI review).
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Verified 2026-06-12 · Human + AI joint review (sources independently checked) · Methodology